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Stage of Gestation at Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Infection of Pregnant Swine Impacts Maternal Immunity and Lactogenic Immune Protection of Neonatal Suckling Piglets
In this study, we infected pregnant first parity gilts in their first, second and third trimesters of gestation with PEDV to determine the impact of stage of gestation on generation of maternal B-cell immunity, the gut-MG-sIgA axis and lactogenic immune protection in PEDV challenged piglets. Our goal was to identify innate and adaptive immune factors during pregnancy that influence lymphocyte trafficking, in addition to immune correlates of lactogenic immune protection in neonatal suckling piglets. Understanding the impact of stage of gestation at PEDV infection or exposure on maternal immunity will allow more precise mate...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 23, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Variations in clinical presentation and anatomical distribution of gross lesions of African swine fever in domestic pigs in the southern highlands of Tanzania: a field experience
AbstractAfrican swine fever is a contagious viral disease responsible for up to 100% mortality among domestic pigs. A longitudinal study was carried out to determine the clinical presentation and anatomical distribution of gross lesions in affected pigs in Mbeya region, Tanzania during the 2010 to 2014 outbreaks. Data were collected during clinical and postmortem examination by field veterinarians and using a structured questionnaire. A total of 118 respondents (100%) showed awareness about African swine fever. During previous outbreaks, the mortality rate was almost 100%, while in 2014 it was estimated to be less than 50%...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - December 2, 2016 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Exercise training and vascular cell phenotype in a swine model of familial hypercholesterolaemia: conduit arteries and veins
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Experimental Physiology - November 12, 2013 Category: Physiology Authors: Grant H. Simmons, Jaume Padilla, Nathan T. Jenkins, M. Harold Laughlin Source Type: research

Oxidative stress induced by Se-deficient high-energy diet implicates neutrophil dysfunction via Nrf2 pathway suppression in swine.
Authors: Yang T, Zhao Z, Liu T, Zhang Z, Wang P, Xu S, Len XG, Shan A Abstract The mechanism of the interaction between Se deficiency and high energy remains limited. The aim of the current study was to identify whether Se-deficient, high-energy diet can induce oxidative stress, and downregulate the Nrf2 pathway and phagocytic dysfunction of neutrophils. We detected the phagocytic activity, ROS production, protein levels of Nrf2 and Nrf2 downstream target genes, and the mRNA levels of 25 selenoproteins, heat shock proteins, and cytokines in neutrophils. Cytokine ELISA kits were used to measure the serum cytokines. ...
Source: Oncotarget - January 14, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research

Viruses, Vol. 14, Pages 2512: Comparison of the Virulence of Korean African Swine Fever Isolates from Pig Farms during 2019 & ndash;2021
In this study, four Korean ASFV strains isolated from domestic pig farms at different time points between 2019 and 2021 were chosen, and used to experimentally infect domestic pigs by intramuscular inoculation to compare their virulence. All challenged pigs died at 4–9 days post-inoculation, with many showing clinical symptoms of fever, depression, loss of appetite, and recumbency. Gross lesions observed at necropsy included enlargement and hemorrhage of the lymph nodes and hydropericardium. The study showed that all four Korean ASFV isolates caused acute forms of illness, which supports the view that virulen...
Source: Viruses - November 13, 2022 Category: Virology Authors: Ki-Hyun Cho Seong-Keun Hong Min-Kyung Jang Ji-Hyoung Ryu Hyun-Jeong Kim Yu-Ran Lee In-Soon Roh Hyun-Joo Sohn Hae-Eun Kang Jee-Yong Park Tags: Article Source Type: research

Viruses, Vol. 15, Pages 858: Comparison of Genotype II African Swine Fever Virus Strain SY18 Challenge Models
Min Li Rongliang Hu African swine fever (ASF) is a viral haemorrhagic disease found in domestic and wild boars caused by the African swine fever virus (ASFV). A highly virulent strain was used to evaluate the efficacy of newly developed vaccine candidates. The ASFV strain SY18 was isolated from the first ASF case in China and is virulent in pigs of all ages. To evaluate the pathogenesis of ASFV SY18 following intraoral (IO) and intranasal (IN) infections, a challenge trial was conducted in landrace pigs, with intramuscular (IM) injection as a control. The results showed that the incubation period of IN administration...
Source: Viruses - March 27, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Xintao Zhou Jiaqi Fan Xiaopan Guo Teng Chen Jinjin Yang Yanyan Zhang Lijuan Mi Fei Zhang Faming Miao Min Li Rongliang Hu Tags: Article Source Type: research

Comparative Efficacy of Intracoronary Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Cardiosphere-Derived Cells in Swine with Hibernating Myocardium.
CONCLUSIONS: Allogeneic icMSCs and icCDCs exhibit comparable therapeutic efficacy in a large animal model of hibernating myocardium. Both cell types produced equivalent increases in regional function and stimulated myocyte regeneration in ischemic and remote myocardium. The activation of endogenous myocyte proliferation and regression of myocyte cellular hypertrophy support a common mechanism of cardiac repair. PMID: 26271689 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Circulation Research - August 13, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Weil BR, Suzuki G, Leiker MM, Fallavollita JA, Canty JM Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

N-(11)C-Methyl-Dopamine PET Imaging of Sympathetic Nerve Injury in a Swine Model of Acute Myocardial Ischemia: A Comparison with (13)N-Ammonia PET.
Conclusions. In the Chinese minipig model of acute myocardial ischemia, the extent of the myocardial defect as visualized by (11)C-MDA is much greater than would be suggested by blood perfusion images, and the recovery from myocardial sympathetic nerve injury is much slower than the restoration of blood perfusion. (11)C-MDA PET may provide additional biological information during recovery from ischemic heart disease. PMID: 27034950 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Biomed Res - April 2, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Zhou W, Wang X, He Y, Nie Y, Zhang G, Wang C, Wang C, Wang X Tags: Biomed Res Int Source Type: research

Pathogenesis of highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in Chinese Tibetan swine
In this study, 15 4-week-old Tibetan piglets were divided into three groups, and their susceptibility to HP-PRRSV was examined in the highland region. Five pigs in group 1 were inoculated intranasally with HP-PRRSV strain BB0907. At 2 days post-inoculation, five other pigs were introduced into this group and then removed to a separated room to serve as contact group 2. Meanwhile, five pigs in group 3 were mock infected and used as controls. The results showed that the pigs in the inoculated and contact groups showed high fevers and clear clinical signs, including depression, anorexia, lethargy, sticky eye secretions, and h...
Source: Research in Veterinary Science - July 29, 2016 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Transmission of African swine fever virus from infected pigs by direct contact and aerosol routes
In conclusion, the study shows that the currently circulating strain of ASFV can be efficiently transmitted via direct contact and by aerosols. Also, the results provide quantitative transmission parameters and knowledge of infection stages in pigs infected with this ASFV.
Source: Veterinary Microbiology - October 5, 2017 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Virulence evaluation of classical swine fever virus subgenotype 2.1 and 2.2 isolates circulating in China
Publication date: Available online 3 April 2019Source: Veterinary MicrobiologyAuthor(s): Wenjie Gong, Junhui Li, Zunbao Wang, Jiumeng Sun, Shijiang Mi, Zongji Lu, Jian Cao, Zhihua Dou, Yanjun Sun, Pengjiang Wang, Ke Yuan, Liying Zhang, Xubin Zhou, Sun He, Changchun TuAbstractClassical swine fever (CSF) remains an important pig disease in China, where it usually presents with mild or atypical clinical manifestations, with large scale outbreaks rarely seen. This has led to speculation about the possible circulation of viral strains of low virulence. To investigate this possibility, five field isolates within the predominant ...
Source: Veterinary Microbiology - April 4, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

A Swine Hind Limb Ischemia Model Useful for Testing Peripheral Artery Disease Therapeutics
AbstractCurrently, there is no large animal model of sustained limb ischemia suitable for testing novel angiogenic therapeutics for peripheral artery disease (PAD) such as drugs, genes, materials, or cells. We created a large animal model suitable for efficacy assessment of these therapies by testing 3 swine hind limb ischemia (HLI) variations and quantifying vascular perfusion, muscle histology, and limb function. Ligation of the ipsilateral external and bilateral internal iliac arteries produced sustained gait dysfunction compared to isolated external iliac or unilateral external and internal iliac artery ligations. Hype...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Translational Research - May 28, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Trends of Internet Search Volumes for Major Depressive Disorder Symptoms During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Korea: An Interrupted Time-Series Analysis
CONCLUSION: Our results reported the negative effect of COVID-19 preventive measures on public mental health in South Korea, especially for MDD symptoms. Moreover, the findings suggested the utility of Naver Trends as a feasible big data source to assess future mental health crises.PMID:35411728 | DOI:10.3346/jkms.2022.37.e108
Source: J Korean Med Sci - April 12, 2022 Category: General Medicine Authors: Jieun Kim Juhui Han Byung Chul Chun Source Type: research